There are a number of wireless technologies available for the Internet of things. These are mainly divided into two categories: Short Range (Zigbee, WiFi, Bluetooth, Z wave) Long Range (LoRa, SigFox, NB-IoT ) NB – IoT refers to the technology of the narrowband Internet of things a cellular IoT technology developed as part of 3GPP … Read more
IoT Device Battery Life 10 Years !!! How is it possible? Battery life Calculation for NB-IoT Device. Energy is the most scarce resource for an electronic device and when someone designing it, he needs to optimize its operation so that it consumes minimum power. When a device has a regular power supply along with the battery backup, … Read more
Maximum Coupling Loss has been chosen by 3GPP as the metric to evaluate coverage of a radio access technology. In theory, it can be defined as the maximum loss in the conducted power level that a system can tolerate and still be operational (defined by a minimum acceptable received power level). MCL can be calculated … Read more
IoT nb1 vs nb2 Devices Comparison, Narrow Band IoT specifications were first introduced in 3GPP release 13 and then further enhanced in 3GPP release 14 with some essential features. Release 13 NB-IoT device category is referred to as Cat NB1 or Cat N1 and Release 14 devices are referred to as Cat NB2 or Cat … Read more
When an NB-IOT UE accesses a cell, it follows the same principle as for LTE: It first searches a cell on an appropriate frequency. Decode NPSS and NSSS for NCellID. After decoding NCellID, UE decodes the NB-MIB Information transmitted over NPBCH, but there it can get to know NB-LTE deployment mode i.e. In-band, Guard-band or Standalone, the schedulingInfoSIB1, … Read more
NPBCH stands for narrowband physical broadcast channel similar to PBCH in LTE Technology. The Narrow Band-Physical Broadcast Channel (NPBCH) is used to deliver the NB-IoT Master Information Block (MIB), which provides essential information for the NB-IoT UE to operate in the NB-IoT network. Narrow Band-Physical Broadcast Channel (NPBCH) uses a 640 ms TTI, but within … Read more
The NPSS and NSSS help UE to synchronize downlink to an NB-IoT cell. These are transmitted in certain subframes based on an 80-ms repetition interval. By synchronizing to NPSS and NSSS, the device will be able to detect the cell identity number (NB-IOT PCI). NPSS and NSSS are designed to allow devices to use a … Read more
NB- IoT frame structure is illustrated in below picture. At the highest level, it starts with the hyper frame cycle where one hyperframe cycle has 1024 hyper frames and each consisting of 1024 frames. One frame consists of 10 sub-frames and each subframe is dividable into two slots each of 0.5 ms which is similar … Read more
3GPP has defined a set of frequency bands for which NB-IoT can be used. 3GPP TS 36.101 from Release 13 provides the list of the supported bands: 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 12, 13, 17, 18, 19, 20, 26, 28, 66 and Release 14 added the bands: 11, 25, 31 and 70. Later, 3GPP Release 15 … Read more
NB-IoT or NB-LTE is a new 3GPP radio-access technology. It is not fully backward compatible with existing 3GPP devices however it is designed to achieve excellent co-existence performance with legacy GSM, GPRS, and LTE technologies. NB-LTE requires 200 kHz minimum system bandwidth for both downlink and uplink, respectively. The choice of minimum system bandwidth enables … Read more