Beacon Hardware Key Players Continuing our Beacon study, here we are with the second article on Beacons. In this we primarily discuss various key players for Beacon Hardware. There are a number of Beacon / i-Beacon hardware vendors and some are listed below, along with their capabilities and use cases. Estimote: Estimote Beacons are small wireless … Read more
What it is Beacons Technology –How it works and Its Applications and Challenges Imagine! You come back home after a tiring day from office and are warmly welcomed with a cup of tea. Your home senses your presence and it switches on the lights as you enter and turns on the music system to your favorite … Read more
There are a number of wireless technologies available for the Internet of things. These are mainly divided into two categories: Short Range (Zigbee, WiFi, Bluetooth, Z wave) Long Range (LoRa, SigFox, NB-IoT ) NB – IoT refers to the technology of the narrowband Internet of things a cellular IoT technology developed as part of 3GPP … Read more
Maximum Coupling Loss has been chosen by 3GPP as the metric to evaluate coverage of a radio access technology. In theory, it can be defined as the maximum loss in the conducted power level that a system can tolerate and still be operational (defined by a minimum acceptable received power level). MCL can be calculated … Read more
IoT nb1 vs nb2 Devices Comparison, Narrow Band IoT specifications were first introduced in 3GPP release 13 and then further enhanced in 3GPP release 14 with some essential features. Release 13 NB-IoT device category is referred to as Cat NB1 or Cat N1 and Release 14 devices are referred to as Cat NB2 or Cat … Read more
NB- IoT frame structure is illustrated in below picture. At the highest level, it starts with the hyper frame cycle where one hyperframe cycle has 1024 hyper frames and each consisting of 1024 frames. One frame consists of 10 sub-frames and each subframe is dividable into two slots each of 0.5 ms which is similar … Read more
3GPP has defined a set of frequency bands for which NB-IoT can be used. 3GPP TS 36.101 from Release 13 provides the list of the supported bands: 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 12, 13, 17, 18, 19, 20, 26, 28, 66 and Release 14 added the bands: 11, 25, 31 and 70. Later, 3GPP Release 15 … Read more
LoRa Technology supports the handling and configuration of rejoin-requests for LoRa End Devices. Using a rejoin-request, a device is able to request the network-server to re-activate, without being ‘disconnected’ until receiving the activation. In other words, when it doesn’t receive a new activation, the device will continue to use the old security context. With the … Read more
Batteries are a boon as well as a bane for the IoT world. 20 billion devices mean 20 billion batteries too, how to replace/maintain them? Energy Harvesting is the solution. The purpose of the post is to understand and solve the problem of “Energy” faced by the booming IoT industry. It is expected that more … Read more
The Internet of things (IoT) is the inter-networking of physical devices, vehicles, buildings, and other items embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and network connectivity which enable these objects to collect and exchange data which offers instant access to detailed information about their health, their environment, and their machines. For developers, however, the IoT levies a very broad … Read more