Spectral Efficiency : 5G-NR and 4G-LTE
What do you think of when you hear word “spectral efficiency?” The answer will come, it has to do with...
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LTE Handover Latency Calculation (Access Node)
In a cellular system, handover can be defined as a procedure to transfer a User Equipment (UE) and its context from...
VoLTE Cell Capacity- Calculating Packet Size, PRBs and No. of Users
The mobile operators are or have moved to voice over LTE (VoLTE). Globally, voice is still the major chunk of...
Voice Codec Options for VoLTE Services
The quality of Voice service plays and will play an important role in the evolution of the telecommunication system. Voice...
VoLTE SIP Methods, Response Codes and Details
VoLTE IMS Protocols In IMS subsystem, the critical protocols are the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP), SigComp, Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP),...
Narrow Band LTE- NB-IoT
NB-IoT or NB-LTE is a new 3GPP radio-access technology. It is not fully backward compatible with existing 3GPP devices however...
NB-IoT Frequency Bands (As per 3GPP Rel. 13, 14 and 15)
3GPP has defined a set of frequency bands for which NB-IoT can be used. 3GPP TS 36.101 from Release 13 provides...
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Narrow Band IoT Frame Structure
NB- IoT frame structure is illustrated in the below picture. At the highest level, it starts with a hyperframe cycle...
